Hipertensi Dengan Obesitas: Adakah Peran Endotelin-1?
Abstract
Hipertensi merupakan penyebab utama tingginya morbiditas dan mortalitas kardiovaskular. Estimasi prevalensi hipertensi di seluruh dunia hampir 1 milyar orang, dan sekitar 7,1 juta kematian pertahun disebabkan oleh hipertensi. Hipertensi juga merupakan masalah kesehatan yang utama dan sering dijumpai di Indonesia. Prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia masih tinggi. Studi berkesinambungan dari Monitoring Trends and Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA) Jakarta melaporkan adanya peningkatan prevalensi hipertensi pada populasi Indonesia dari 16,9% (tahun 1993) menjadi 17,9% (tahun 2000). Sebagian besar subyek dengan tekanan darah (TD) tinggi adalah overweight,dan hipertensi lebih sering terjadi pada obesitas.Prevalensi hipertensi yang disertai dengan obesitas semakin meningkat. Hal ini tidak saja terjadi di negara maju, tetapi juga menjadi masalah di negara berkembang. Hal ini berkaitan erat dengan arus globalisasi dan perubahan pola hidup, yang menyebabkan peningkatan prevalensi overweight ataupun obesitas.Perubahan pola hidup yang negatif berdampak negatifterhadap respon tubuh. Hal ini menyebabkan perubahan metabolik dan kejadian adipositopati.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Hajjar I, Kotchen TA. Trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in United States, 1988-1000. JAMA 2003;290:199-206
World Health Report 2002: Reducing Risk, promoting healthy life. Geneva, Switzerland : World Health Organization, 2002.
Chobanian A.V., Bakris G.L., Black H.R., Cushman W.C., Green L.A., Izzo J.L., Jones D.W., Materson B.J., Oparil S, Wright J.T., Rocella E.J., and The National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee. Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2003;42:1206-52.
Sutedjo.Profil Hipertensi pada Populasi MONICA tahun 2000 (Survey III). Kumpulan Makalah Seminar Sehari Presentasi Hasil MONICA-Jakarta 2000, Indonesia Cardiovascular Study Jakarta, 29 Oktober 2002.
Poirir P, Giles T.D., Bray G.A, Hong Y, Stern J.S, Sunyer X.P, Eckel R.H. Obesity and cardiovascular disease : Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and effect of weight loss. Arterioscler.Thromb.Vasc. Biol. 2006;26:968-976.
Kannel WB, Garrison RJ, Dannenberg AL. Selular Blood Pressure trends in normotensive persons. Am.Heart J 1993;125:1154-58.
Wilson P.W.F, DÁgustino R.B., Sullivan L, Parise H, Kannel W.B. Overweight and obesity as determinants of cardiovascular risk. The Framingham Experience. Arc. Intern.Med. 2002;162: 1867-72.
Ashish Aneja, Fadi Et-Atat, Samy I. McFarlane, James R.Sowers. Hypertension and obesity. Endo Jnls 2004;169-205
Kissebah AH, Krakower GR. Regional adiposity and morbidity. Physiol Rev 1994;74:761-811
Inoue S, Zimmet P, Caterson I, Chunming C, Ikeda Y, Khalid AK, Kim YS, Basset J. The Asia Pasific perspective : Redefining Obesity and its treatment 2000.
Deedwania PC. Metabolic syndrome and vascular Disease : is nature or nuture leading the new epidemic of cardiovascular disease?. Circulation 2000;109:2-4
Cardillo C, Campia U, Iantorno M, Panza J.A. Enhanced Vascular Activity of Endogenous Endothelin-1 in Obese Hypertensive Patients. Hypertension 2004;43:36-40.
Kaplan N.M. Primary Hypertension : Pathogenesis, in Clinical Hypertension 8th ed. William & Wilkins, Maryland 2002.
Grundy S.M, Becker D., Clark L.T., Cooper R.S., Denke M.A., et all. Third Reprt of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesetrol in Adult (ATP III). National Cholesterol Education program, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National institute of Health. NIH Publication No.01-3670 May 2001.
Marti A, Moreno AMJ., Hebebrand J, Martinez JA. Genes, lifestyles and obesity. Int J Obes 2004;28:S29-36.
Carr MC, Brunzell JD, Abdominal obesity and dislipidemia in the Metabolic Syndrome : Importance of type 2 Diabees and familial Combined Hyperlipidemia in Coronary artery Disease Risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:2601-7.
Grundy S. Metabolic Syndrome Scientific Statement by the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005;25:2243-4.
Sonneberg GE, Krakower GR, Kissebah AH. A Novel pathway to the manifestion of Metabolic Syndrome. Obese Res 2004;12:180-6.
Reilly MP, Rader DJ. The Metabolic Syndrome : More than the Sum of its part? Circulation 2003;108:1546-51.
Gantini L. Pera Stres Oksidatif dan Inflamasi Vaskular pada Hipertensi Esensial. Forum Diagnosticum, Prodia Diagnostic Educational Services No.4/2005.
Furukawa S, Fujita T, Shimabukuro M. Increased Oxidative Stress in obesity and its Impact on Metabolic Syndrome. J Clin Invest 2004;114:1752-1761.
Florez H, Castilo FS, Mendez, et all. C-reactive Protein is elevated in obese patient with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2006;7:9-10.
Stern PM, William K, Gonzales VC, Hunt JK, Haffner SM. Does the Metabolic Syndrome improve Indetification of Individual Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and/or Cardiovascular Disease? Diabetes Care 2004;27:2676-81.
Schiffrrin Ernesto.L. Role Endothelin-1 in Hypertension. Hypertension 1999;34[part 2]:876-81
Engeli S, Sharma AM. Emerging concepts in the pathophysiology and treatment of obesity associated hypertension. Curr.Opin.Cardiol 2002;17:355-359.
Aneja A, El-Atat F, Mcfarlane S, Sowers J.R. Hypertension and obesity. Endo Jnls 2004: 169-205.
Barton M, Carmona R, Morowietz H, dÚscio LV, Guettsch W, Hillen H, Haudenschild C, Krieger J.E, Munter K, Lattmann T, Luscher TF, Shaw S. Obesity is associated with tissue specific activation of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme in vivo: Evidence for a regulatory role of Endothelin. Hypertension 2000;35:29-336.
Jin J.J. Nakura J, Wu Z, Yamamoto M, Abe M, Tabara Y, Yamamoto Y, Igase M, Kohara K, Miki T. Association of Endothelin-1 gene variant with hypertension. Hypertension 2003;41:163-7.
Barton M, Carmona R, Ortmann J, Krieger J.E, Traupe T. Obesity associated activation of Angiotensin and Endothelin in Cardiovascular system. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 2003:826-837.
Rahmouni K, Morgan DA, Morgan GM, Mark AL, Haynes WG. Role of selective Leptin Resistance in Diet- induced obesity hypertension. Diabetes 2003;54:2012-8.
Quehenberger, Exner M, Plassmann R.S, Ruzicka K. Leptin induce Endothelin-1 in Endothelial cell in vitro. Cir.Res 2002;90:711-718.
World Health Report 2002: Reducing Risk, promoting healthy life. Geneva, Switzerland : World Health Organization, 2002.
Chobanian A.V., Bakris G.L., Black H.R., Cushman W.C., Green L.A., Izzo J.L., Jones D.W., Materson B.J., Oparil S, Wright J.T., Rocella E.J., and The National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee. Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2003;42:1206-52.
Sutedjo.Profil Hipertensi pada Populasi MONICA tahun 2000 (Survey III). Kumpulan Makalah Seminar Sehari Presentasi Hasil MONICA-Jakarta 2000, Indonesia Cardiovascular Study Jakarta, 29 Oktober 2002.
Poirir P, Giles T.D., Bray G.A, Hong Y, Stern J.S, Sunyer X.P, Eckel R.H. Obesity and cardiovascular disease : Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and effect of weight loss. Arterioscler.Thromb.Vasc. Biol. 2006;26:968-976.
Kannel WB, Garrison RJ, Dannenberg AL. Selular Blood Pressure trends in normotensive persons. Am.Heart J 1993;125:1154-58.
Wilson P.W.F, DÁgustino R.B., Sullivan L, Parise H, Kannel W.B. Overweight and obesity as determinants of cardiovascular risk. The Framingham Experience. Arc. Intern.Med. 2002;162: 1867-72.
Ashish Aneja, Fadi Et-Atat, Samy I. McFarlane, James R.Sowers. Hypertension and obesity. Endo Jnls 2004;169-205
Kissebah AH, Krakower GR. Regional adiposity and morbidity. Physiol Rev 1994;74:761-811
Inoue S, Zimmet P, Caterson I, Chunming C, Ikeda Y, Khalid AK, Kim YS, Basset J. The Asia Pasific perspective : Redefining Obesity and its treatment 2000.
Deedwania PC. Metabolic syndrome and vascular Disease : is nature or nuture leading the new epidemic of cardiovascular disease?. Circulation 2000;109:2-4
Cardillo C, Campia U, Iantorno M, Panza J.A. Enhanced Vascular Activity of Endogenous Endothelin-1 in Obese Hypertensive Patients. Hypertension 2004;43:36-40.
Kaplan N.M. Primary Hypertension : Pathogenesis, in Clinical Hypertension 8th ed. William & Wilkins, Maryland 2002.
Grundy S.M, Becker D., Clark L.T., Cooper R.S., Denke M.A., et all. Third Reprt of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesetrol in Adult (ATP III). National Cholesterol Education program, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National institute of Health. NIH Publication No.01-3670 May 2001.
Marti A, Moreno AMJ., Hebebrand J, Martinez JA. Genes, lifestyles and obesity. Int J Obes 2004;28:S29-36.
Carr MC, Brunzell JD, Abdominal obesity and dislipidemia in the Metabolic Syndrome : Importance of type 2 Diabees and familial Combined Hyperlipidemia in Coronary artery Disease Risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:2601-7.
Grundy S. Metabolic Syndrome Scientific Statement by the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005;25:2243-4.
Sonneberg GE, Krakower GR, Kissebah AH. A Novel pathway to the manifestion of Metabolic Syndrome. Obese Res 2004;12:180-6.
Reilly MP, Rader DJ. The Metabolic Syndrome : More than the Sum of its part? Circulation 2003;108:1546-51.
Gantini L. Pera Stres Oksidatif dan Inflamasi Vaskular pada Hipertensi Esensial. Forum Diagnosticum, Prodia Diagnostic Educational Services No.4/2005.
Furukawa S, Fujita T, Shimabukuro M. Increased Oxidative Stress in obesity and its Impact on Metabolic Syndrome. J Clin Invest 2004;114:1752-1761.
Florez H, Castilo FS, Mendez, et all. C-reactive Protein is elevated in obese patient with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2006;7:9-10.
Stern PM, William K, Gonzales VC, Hunt JK, Haffner SM. Does the Metabolic Syndrome improve Indetification of Individual Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and/or Cardiovascular Disease? Diabetes Care 2004;27:2676-81.
Schiffrrin Ernesto.L. Role Endothelin-1 in Hypertension. Hypertension 1999;34[part 2]:876-81
Engeli S, Sharma AM. Emerging concepts in the pathophysiology and treatment of obesity associated hypertension. Curr.Opin.Cardiol 2002;17:355-359.
Aneja A, El-Atat F, Mcfarlane S, Sowers J.R. Hypertension and obesity. Endo Jnls 2004: 169-205.
Barton M, Carmona R, Morowietz H, dÚscio LV, Guettsch W, Hillen H, Haudenschild C, Krieger J.E, Munter K, Lattmann T, Luscher TF, Shaw S. Obesity is associated with tissue specific activation of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme in vivo: Evidence for a regulatory role of Endothelin. Hypertension 2000;35:29-336.
Jin J.J. Nakura J, Wu Z, Yamamoto M, Abe M, Tabara Y, Yamamoto Y, Igase M, Kohara K, Miki T. Association of Endothelin-1 gene variant with hypertension. Hypertension 2003;41:163-7.
Barton M, Carmona R, Ortmann J, Krieger J.E, Traupe T. Obesity associated activation of Angiotensin and Endothelin in Cardiovascular system. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 2003:826-837.
Rahmouni K, Morgan DA, Morgan GM, Mark AL, Haynes WG. Role of selective Leptin Resistance in Diet- induced obesity hypertension. Diabetes 2003;54:2012-8.
Quehenberger, Exner M, Plassmann R.S, Ruzicka K. Leptin induce Endothelin-1 in Endothelial cell in vitro. Cir.Res 2002;90:711-718.
Views & Downloads
Abstract views: 4787
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia) downloads: 5359
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia) downloads: 5359
How to Cite
Lilyasari, O. (1). Hipertensi Dengan Obesitas: Adakah Peran Endotelin-1?. Indonesian Journal of Cardiology, 28(6), 460-475. https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.v28i6.214
Section
Review Article
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
