Fibrilasi Atrium Pada Penyakit Hipertiroidisme Patogenesis dan Tatalaksana
Abstract
Fibrilasi atrium (atrial fibrilation, AF) merupakan aritmia jantung yang paling sering terjadi pada pasen usia diatas 65 tahun. Prevalensi semakin tinggi dengan bertambahnya usia, dan merupakan penyebab utama terjadinya stroke. AF sering timbul sebagai manifestasi hipertiroidisme, dan menjadi predisposisi terbentuknya trombus dan emboli. AF dan disritmia supraventrikular lainnya yang disebabkan oleh hipertiroidisme, menambah angka kematian penyakit vaskular.Pada sepuluh hingga limabelas persen pasen dengan hipertiroidisme akan berlanjut menjadi AF, dan insiden ini semakin tinggi bila disertai penyakit jantung.
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References
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Klein I, Ojamaa K Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular sistem. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:501–509
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Gregory Y, Beevers G. ABC of Atrial Fibrillation: History, Epidemiology, and Importance of Atrial Fibrillation. BMJ.1995;311:1361.
Biondi B, Emiliano A, Palmieri, Lomabardi G, Fazio S. Effects of subclinical thyroid dysfunction on the heart. Ann Intern Med.2002;131:904-905.
Gold J, Nejad S. Hipertiroidisme.eMedicine.2004
Djokomoeljanto R, Davis J. Endocrin Disease, In: Drug Benefits and Risks: International Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology. 2001;664-670
Djokomoeljanto R. Prinsip pengelolaan Hipertiroidisme secara umum. Konas PERSADIA Semarang. Oktober, 2002.
Wartofsky L. Desease of the Thyroid,in: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 14th ed.McGraww Hill.1998;2:2012-2028.
Granner D, Murray R, Mayes P, Rodwell V. Hormon Action And Signal Transduction. In:Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th edition. McGraw-Hill. 2003.456-473.
Djokomoeljanto R. Thyroid Heart Disease. KONAS PERKENI Medan.2003.
Fadel M, Samer E, Lindsay J. Hyperthyroid Heart Disease. Clin. Cardiol.2000;23:402-9.
Brent G. The Molecular Basis of Thyroid Hormone Action. N Engl J Med;331:847-853.
Fogoros R. Electrophysiologic Testing. 3rd edition.1999;3-21.
Lilly S. Pathophysiology of Heart Disease, A Collaborative Project of Medical Students and Faculty. 2nd edition. 1998
Fuster V, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC Guidelines for the Management of Patient With Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38(4)
Alessie M, et al. Current Perspective; Pathophysiology and Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation. Circulation.2001;103:769
Markides V, Schilling R. Atrial Fibrillation: classification, pathophysiology, mechanisms and drug treatment. Heart. 2003;89:939-934
Beeers G, Lip G. ABC of Atrial Fibrillation:History, Epidemiology, and Importance of Atrial Fibrillation. Br Med J.1995;311:1361
Haïssaguerre M et al. Spontaneous Initiation of Atrial Fibrillation by Ectopic Beats Originating in the Pulmonary Veins. N Engl J Med.1998;339:659-666.
Bar Sela S, Ehrenfeld M, Eliakim M 1981 Arterial embolism in thyrotoxicosis with atrial fibrillation. Arch Intern Med 141:1191–1192
Kusmana D, dkk. Standar Pelayanan Medik Pusat Jantung Nasional Harapan Kita.2003:210-213.
Wyse DG, Waldo AL, DiMarco JP, et al. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1825–33.
Albers G, Dalen JE, Laupacis A, et al. Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation. Chest.2001;119:194S-206S
Prystowsky E, et al. Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Circulation.1996;93:1262-1277
Bachman E, et al. The Metabolic and Cardiovascular effects of Hyperthyroidism are Largely Independent of Beta Adrenergic Stimulation. Endocrinology.2004;145(6):2767-2774.
Giuseppe A, Bevilacqua S, Storti S, et al. Free triiodothyronine: a novel predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg.2003;24:487-492.
Vanderpump M, Ahlquist J, Clayton R. Consensus statement for good practice and audit measures in the management of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Br Med J.1996;313:539-544.
Klemperer J.Klein I. Ojama K, et all. Triiodotironine therapy lowers the incidence of atrial fibrillation after cardiac operations. Ann Thoracic Surg.1996;61:1323-1327.
Stroke Prevention with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran compared with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (SPORTIF III): randomised controlled trial. Lancet.2003;362:1691-1698
Sinnaeve P, Van de Werf F. Will oral antitrombin agent replace warfarin?. Heart.2004;90:827-828
Iervasi G, Clerico A, Bonini R, et all. Acute Effect of Amiodarone Administration on Thyroid Fuction in Patients with Cardiac Arrhytmia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997; 82: 275-9
Iervasi G, Pingitore A, Scarlatini M, et all. Low T3 Syndrome, A Strong Prognostic Predictor of Death in Patient With Heart Disease. Circulation.2003;107:708-713.
Klein I, Ojamaa K Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular sistem. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:501–509
Peterson P, Hansen J Stroke in thyrotoxicosis with atrial fibrillation. Stroke.1988;19:15–18
Gregory Y, Beevers G. ABC of Atrial Fibrillation: History, Epidemiology, and Importance of Atrial Fibrillation. BMJ.1995;311:1361.
Biondi B, Emiliano A, Palmieri, Lomabardi G, Fazio S. Effects of subclinical thyroid dysfunction on the heart. Ann Intern Med.2002;131:904-905.
Gold J, Nejad S. Hipertiroidisme.eMedicine.2004
Djokomoeljanto R, Davis J. Endocrin Disease, In: Drug Benefits and Risks: International Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology. 2001;664-670
Djokomoeljanto R. Prinsip pengelolaan Hipertiroidisme secara umum. Konas PERSADIA Semarang. Oktober, 2002.
Wartofsky L. Desease of the Thyroid,in: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 14th ed.McGraww Hill.1998;2:2012-2028.
Granner D, Murray R, Mayes P, Rodwell V. Hormon Action And Signal Transduction. In:Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th edition. McGraw-Hill. 2003.456-473.
Djokomoeljanto R. Thyroid Heart Disease. KONAS PERKENI Medan.2003.
Fadel M, Samer E, Lindsay J. Hyperthyroid Heart Disease. Clin. Cardiol.2000;23:402-9.
Brent G. The Molecular Basis of Thyroid Hormone Action. N Engl J Med;331:847-853.
Fogoros R. Electrophysiologic Testing. 3rd edition.1999;3-21.
Lilly S. Pathophysiology of Heart Disease, A Collaborative Project of Medical Students and Faculty. 2nd edition. 1998
Fuster V, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC Guidelines for the Management of Patient With Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38(4)
Alessie M, et al. Current Perspective; Pathophysiology and Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation. Circulation.2001;103:769
Markides V, Schilling R. Atrial Fibrillation: classification, pathophysiology, mechanisms and drug treatment. Heart. 2003;89:939-934
Beeers G, Lip G. ABC of Atrial Fibrillation:History, Epidemiology, and Importance of Atrial Fibrillation. Br Med J.1995;311:1361
Haïssaguerre M et al. Spontaneous Initiation of Atrial Fibrillation by Ectopic Beats Originating in the Pulmonary Veins. N Engl J Med.1998;339:659-666.
Bar Sela S, Ehrenfeld M, Eliakim M 1981 Arterial embolism in thyrotoxicosis with atrial fibrillation. Arch Intern Med 141:1191–1192
Kusmana D, dkk. Standar Pelayanan Medik Pusat Jantung Nasional Harapan Kita.2003:210-213.
Wyse DG, Waldo AL, DiMarco JP, et al. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1825–33.
Albers G, Dalen JE, Laupacis A, et al. Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation. Chest.2001;119:194S-206S
Prystowsky E, et al. Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Circulation.1996;93:1262-1277
Bachman E, et al. The Metabolic and Cardiovascular effects of Hyperthyroidism are Largely Independent of Beta Adrenergic Stimulation. Endocrinology.2004;145(6):2767-2774.
Giuseppe A, Bevilacqua S, Storti S, et al. Free triiodothyronine: a novel predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg.2003;24:487-492.
Vanderpump M, Ahlquist J, Clayton R. Consensus statement for good practice and audit measures in the management of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Br Med J.1996;313:539-544.
Klemperer J.Klein I. Ojama K, et all. Triiodotironine therapy lowers the incidence of atrial fibrillation after cardiac operations. Ann Thoracic Surg.1996;61:1323-1327.
Stroke Prevention with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran compared with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (SPORTIF III): randomised controlled trial. Lancet.2003;362:1691-1698
Sinnaeve P, Van de Werf F. Will oral antitrombin agent replace warfarin?. Heart.2004;90:827-828
Iervasi G, Clerico A, Bonini R, et all. Acute Effect of Amiodarone Administration on Thyroid Fuction in Patients with Cardiac Arrhytmia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997; 82: 275-9
Iervasi G, Pingitore A, Scarlatini M, et all. Low T3 Syndrome, A Strong Prognostic Predictor of Death in Patient With Heart Disease. Circulation.2003;107:708-713.
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How to Cite
Firdaus, I. (1). Fibrilasi Atrium Pada Penyakit Hipertiroidisme Patogenesis dan Tatalaksana. Indonesian Journal of Cardiology, 28(5), 375-386. https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.v28i5.224
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